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高盛:AI投资正在挤占部分资本开支,但还不足以改写美国宏观周期

BlockBeats 消息,8 月 13 日,高盛认为,市场对 AI 资本开支的宏观影响正在出现两种过度解读:一方面,投资者低估了 AI 投资对科技、能源和数据中心链条的拉动;另一方面,也夸大了 AI 热潮对美国整体经济和其他行业投资的冲击。 高盛经济学家 Jessica Rindels 和 David Mericle 在最新报告中预计,今年 AI 相关投资规模可能达到约 6000 亿美元,相当于美国 GDP 的 2% 左右、企业固定投资的 10% 左右,以及设备投资的 15% 左右。这个体量足以解释为什么 AI 基础设施仍然是美股最重要的交易主线之一,也解释了为什么英伟达、云厂商、数据中心、电力设备和半导体链条仍能获得资金关注。 但高盛同时提醒,AI 投资对 GDP 的直接贡献没有表面数字那么大。原因在于,大量 AI 设备依赖进口,未必完全计入美国国内产出;同时,AI 建设确实会挤占部分资源,但这种挤出效应主要集中在三处:云厂商内部预算从传统云服务转向 AI,数据中心建设挤占其他商业建筑资源,以及 AI 相关债务融资推高其他企业融资成本。 换言之,AI 投资正在改变资本流向,但还没有强到足以单独改写美国经济周期。高盛估计,计入直接和间接影响后,AI 对 2026 年美国 GDP 增速的净拉动可能只有 0.1 个百分点左右。这意味着,AI 仍是企业盈利和股市结构性行情的核心变量,却不宜简单外推成美国经济全面加速的理由。
Disclaimer: The views above are the author's only and do not represent 711BTC. Nothing here constitutes investment advice.

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